Machu Picchu is a historic Inca fortress situated in the Andes range of Peru. It was built in the 15th century and is often referred to as the ‘Lost City of the Incas.
This UNESCO World Heritage site is renowned for its sophisticated dry-stone construction, breathtaking panoramic views, and historical significance as a religious, astronomical, and agricultural center of the Inca Empire. At present, it continues to be a sought-after destination for travelers globally, recognized as one of the most renowned and frequented archaeological sites in history.
Whether you’re planning to trek the classic Inca Trail or take the scenic train from Cusco to Machu Picchu, this guide provides essential tips to ensure an unforgettable experience. Read on!
Getting to Machu Picchu
Most visitors begin their journey to Machu Picchu in Cusco, the historic Incan Empire capital. From here, the most popular way to reach Machu Picchu is by taking a train.
The train from Cusco to Machu Picchu offers a comfortable and scenic ride through the Sacred Valley, following the course of the Urubamba River. This journey is a visual feast, with views of the Sacred Valley’s stunning landscapes, quaint villages, and ancient ruins.
Trekking to Machu Picchu
For the more adventurous, trekking to Machu Picchu is a rewarding alternative to the train. The renowned Inca Trail is the most well-known pathway, offering a four-day journey through a variety of ecosystems, cloud forests, and several lesser-known Inca archaeological sites.
The journey culminates at the Sun Gate, where you will have your initial view of Machu Picchu. Meanwhile, the Day Inca Trail is a shorter version of the trek, perfect for those who want to experience the trail’s magic without committing to a multi-day hike.
Another popular trek is the Salkantay Trek, which is known for its challenging terrain and stunning mountain scenery. Depending on your time and fitness level, you can opt for the entire five-day Salkantay Trek or the day Salkantay Trek.
Exploring Machu Picchu
Upon your arrival at Machu Picchu, you’ll navigate one of the established circuits that direct visitors through various sections of the site. These circuits are specifically designed to regulate visitor movement and maintain the site’s integrity. Each circuit offers unique views of the ancient city and its surroundings, including iconic spots like the Sacred Rock and the Temple of the Sun.
Huayna Picchu and Machu Picchu Mountain
If you’re looking for some adventure, you might want to consider hiking up Huayna Picchu Mountain or Machu Picchu Mountain. Huayna Picchu is that iconic peak you see in many Machu Picchu pictures. The climb up the steep and narrow trail to Huayna Picchu can be tricky, but the breathtaking views of the Urubamba Valley make it totally worth it.
Machu Picchu Mountain, on the other hand, offers a less crowded but equally spectacular vantage point. The trail is longer but less steep than Huayna Picchu, making it an excellent option for those who want a panoramic view without the crowds. Remember to book your Machu Picchu ticket in advance, especially if you plan to hike one of these mountains, as spots are limited and sell out quickly.
The Archaeological Site
Machu Picchu isn’t just a single ruin but a sprawling archaeological site filled with fascinating structures, temples, and terraces. The Intihuatana Stone, the Sacred Rock, and the Temple of the Condor are just a few of the highlights you should explore.
If you really want to make the most of your trip, think about getting a guide. They can share all the incredible historical and cultural details about the site and how it ties into the Inca civilization.
Accommodations in Cusco and Aguas Calientes
Cusco and Aguas Calientes, the town at the base of Machu Picchu, offer a wide range of accommodation options. When in Cusco, consider staying at the Palacio del Inka, a Luxury Collection Hotel that blends Inca history with modern luxury. Being right in the heart of the city, it’s an ideal spot to check out all the extraordinary sights in Cusco before you make your way to Machu Picchu.
In Aguas Calientes, you’ll find a variety of hotels ranging from budget-friendly to high-end. Staying in Aguas Calientes allows you to be one of the first visitors at Machu Picchu in the morning, giving you a head start before the crowds arrive.
Best Time to Visit
The best time to visit Machu Picchu is during the dry season, from May to September. During this time, you’ll experience clear skies and pleasant temperatures. However, this is also the busiest time for tourists, so be ready for bigger crowds.
If you’d rather avoid the hustle and don’t mind a little rain, think about going in April or October when it’s less crowded. On the flip side, from November to March, you’ll find fewer tourists, but the weather can be a bit all over the place, and the trails might get slippery.
Acclimatizing to the Altitude
Machu Picchu is elevated to almost eight thousand feet above sea level, and this height can cause altitude sickness for some tourists. To acclimatize before heading to the citadel, it’s a good idea to spend a few days in Cusco or the Sacred Valley. Make sure to stay hydrated, steer clear of alcohol, and take it slow for the first few days.
To further ease the process of acclimatization, some travelers drink coca tea, a traditional remedy used by locals to combat altitude sickness. Many hotels in Cusco and Aguas Calientes offer coca tea as a welcome drink upon arrival.
Additionally, some travelers find it helpful to take altitude sickness medication like acetazolamide before their trip, but it’s best to check with your doctor before starting any medication. Taking short, gentle walks around Cusco or the Sacred Valley can also help your body gradually adjust to the altitude, ensuring that you’re in the best condition to enjoy your Machu Picchu experience fully.
Additional Adventures: Beyond Machu Picchu
While Machu Picchu is undoubtedly the highlight, there are other incredible destinations to explore in Peru. The Sacred Valley, with its ancient ruins and traditional villages, is worth a visit. Meanwhile, Lake Titicaca, the highest navigable lake in the world, offers a fascinating glimpse into the life of the indigenous communities living on its floating islands.
For those interested in history, the Urubamba Valley and the town of Ollantaytambo offer more insights into the Inca Empire. If you’re staying in Cusco, the Palacio del Inka is a great spot to delve deeper into the region’s rich history.
Conclusion
A journey to Machu Picchu is more than just a visit to an ancient city; it’s a journey through history, culture, and the breathtaking landscapes of the Andes.
Whether you’re trekking the Inca Trail, exploring the archaeological site, or enjoying the scenic train ride, your Machu Picchu experience will be one to remember. So pack your bags, book your Machu Picchu tickets, and get ready to explore the lost city of the Incas!
